The Lancashire Witches by William Harrison Ainsworth

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The attendants at the royal table comprised such gentlemen as wore Sir
Richard Hoghton's liveries, and amongst these, of course, were Nicholas
Assheton and Sherborne. On seeing the former, the King immediately
inquired about his deliverer, and on hearing he was at the lower tables,
desired he might be sent for, and, as Richard soon afterwards appeared,
having on his return from the chase changed his sombre apparel for gayer
attire, James smiled graciously upon him, and more than once, as a mark
of especial favour, took the wine-cup from his hands.

The King did ample justice to the good things before him, and especially
to the beef, which he found so excellent, that the carver had to help
him for the second time. Sir Richard Hoghton ventured to express his
gratification that his Majesty found the meat good--"Indeed, it is
generally admitted," he said, "that our Lancashire beef is well fed, and
well flavoured."

"Weel flavoured!" exclaimed James, as he swallowed the last juicy
morsel; "it is delicious! Finer beef nae man ever put teeth into, an I
only wish a' my loving subjects had as gude a dinner as I hae this day
eaten. What joint do ye ca' it, Sir Richard?" he asked, with eyes
evidently twinkling with a premeditated jest. "This dish," replied the
host, somewhat surprised "this, sire, is a loin of beef."

"A loin!" exclaimed James, taking the carving-knife from the sewer, who
stood by, "by my faith that is not title honourable enough for joint sae
worthy. It wants a dignity, and it shall hae it. Henceforth," he added,
touching the meat with the flat of the long blade, as if placing the
sword on the back of a knight expectant, "henceforth, it shall be
SIR-LOIN, an see ye ca' it sae. Give me a cup of wine, Master Richard
Assheton."

All the nobles at the table laughed loudly at the monarch's jest, and as
it was soon past down to those at the lower table, the hall resounded
with laughter, in which page and attendant of every degree joined, to
the great satisfaction of the good-natured originator of the
merriment.[4]

"My dear dad and gossip appears in unwonted good spirits to-day,"
observed the Duke of Buckingham.

"An wi' gude reason, Steenie," replied the King, "for we dinna mind when
we hae had better sport--always excepting the boar-hunt, when we should
hae been rippit up by the cursed creature's tusks but for this braw
laddie," he added, pointing to Richard. "Ye maun see what can be done
for him, Steenie. We maun hae him at court."

"Your Majesty's wishes have only to be expressed to be fulfilled,"
replied Buckingham, somewhat drily.

"Were I the lad I wadna place ower meikle dependence on the Duke's
promises," remarked Archie Armstrong, in a low tone, to Nicholas.

"Has your Majesty made any further inquiries about the girl suspected of
witchcraft?" inquired Buckingham, renewing the conversation.

"Whist, Steenie, whist!" cried James. "Didna ye see her yoursel' this
morning?" he added, in a low tone. "Ah! I recollect ye werena at the
chase. Aweel, I hae conferred wi' her, an am sair perplexed i' the
matter. She is a well-faur'd lassie as ony i' the realm, and answers
decorously and doucely. Sooth to say, her looks and manners are mightily
in her favour."

"Then you mean to dismiss the matter without further investigation?"
observed Buckingham. "I always thought your Majesty delighted to
exercise your sagacity in detecting the illusions practised by Satan and
his worshippers."

"An sae we do," replied James. "But bend your bonnie head this way till
we whisper in your ear. We hae a device for finding it a' out, which
canna fail; and when you ken it you will applaud your dear dad's wisdom,
and perfit maistery o' the haill science o' kingcraft."

"I would your Majesty would make me acquainted with this notable
scheme," replied Buckingham, with ill-concealed contempt. "I might make
it more certain of success."

"Na--na--we shanna let the cat out of the bag just yet," returned the
King. "We mean it as a surprise to ye a'."

"Then, whatever be the result, it is certain to answer the effect
intended," observed the Duke.

"Gae wa'! ye are ever sceptical, Steenie--ever misdoubting your ain dear
dad and gossip," rejoined James; "but ye shall find we haena earned the
title o' the British Solomon for naething."

Soon after this the King arose, and was ushered to his apartments by Sir
Richard Hoghton with the same ceremony as had been observed on his
entrance. He was followed by all the nobles; and Nicholas and the
others, being released from their duties, repaired to the lower end of
the hall to dine. The revel was now sufficiently boisterous; for, as the
dames had departed at the same time as the monarch, all restraint was
cast aside. The wine-cup flowed freely, and the rafters rang with
laughter. Under ordinary circumstances Richard would have shrunk from
such a scene; but he had now a part to play, and therefore essayed to
laugh at each jest, and to appear as reckless as his neighbours. He was
glad, however, when the signal for general dispersion was given; for
though Sir Richard Hoghton was unwilling to stint his guests, he was
fearful, if they sat too long over their wine, some disturbances might
ensue; and indeed, when the revellers came forth and dispersed within
the base court, their flushed cheeks, loud voices, and unsteady gait,
showed that their potations had already been deep enough.

Meanwhile, quite as much mirth was taking place out of doors as had
occurred within the banqueting-hall. As soon as the King sat down to
dinner, according to promise the gates were thrown open, and the crowd
outside admitted. The huge roast was then taken down, carved, and
distributed among them; the only difficulty experienced being in regard
to trenchers, and various and extraordinary were the contrivances
resorted to to supply the deficiency. This circumstance, however, served
to heighten the fun, and, as several casks of stout ale were broached at
the same time, universal hilarity prevailed. Still, in the midst of so
vast a concourse, many component parts of which had now began to
experience the effects of the potent liquor, some little manifestation
of disorder might naturally be expected; but all such was speedily
quelled by the yeomen of the guard, and other officials appointed for
the purpose, and, amidst the uproar and confusion, harmony generally
prevailed.

While elbowing his way through the crowd, Nicholas felt his sleeve
plucked, and turning, perceived Nance Redferne, who signed him to follow
her, and there was something in her manner that left him no alternative
but compliance. Nance passed on rapidly, and entered the doorway of a
building, where it might be supposed they would be free from
interruption.

"What do you want with me, Nance?" asked the squire, somewhat
impatiently. "I must beg to observe that I cannot be troubled further on
your account, and am greatly afraid aspersions may be thrown on my
character, if I am seen talking with you."

"A few words wi' me winna injure your character, squire," rejoined
Nance, "an it's on your account an naw on my own that ey ha' brought you
here. Ey ha' important information to gie ye. What win yo say when ey
tell yo that Jem Device, Elizabeth Device, an' her dowter Jennet are
here--aw breedin mischief agen yo, Ruchot Assheton, and Alizon?"

"The devil!" ejaculated Nicholas.

"Eigh, yo'n find it the devil, ey con promise ye, onless their plans be
frustrated," said Nance.

"That can be easily done," replied Nicholas. "I'll cause them to be
arrested at once."

"Nah, nah--that canna be," rejoined Nance--"Yo mun bide your time."

"What! and allow such miscreants to go at large, and work any malice
they please against me and my friends!" replied Nicholas. "Show me where
they are, Nance, or I must make you a prisoner."

"Nah! yo winna do that, squire," she replied in a tone of good-humoured
defiance. "Ye winna do it for two good reasons: first, becose yo'd be
harming a freend who wants to sarve yo, and _win_ do so, if yo'n let
her; and secondly, becose if yo wur to raise a finger agen me, ey'd
deprive yo of speech an motion. When the reet moment comes yo shan
strike--boh it's nah come yet. The fruit is nah ripe eneugh to gather.
Ey am os anxious os you con be, that the whole o' the Demdike brood
should be swept away--an it shan be, if yo'n leave it to me."

"Well, I commit the matter entirely to you," said Nicholas. "Apparently,
it cannot be in better hands. But are you aware that Christopher Demdike
is a prisoner here in Hoghton Tower? He was taken this morning in the
park."

"Ey knoa it," replied Nance; "an ey knoa also why he went there, an it
wur my intention to ha' revealed his black design to yo. However, it has
bin ordert differently. Boh in respect to t'others, wait till I gie yo
the signal. They are disguised; boh even if ye see 'em, an recognise
'em, dunna let it appear till ey gie the word, or yo'n spoil aw."

"Your injunctions shall be obeyed implicitly, Nance," rejoined,
Nicholas. "I have now perfect reliance upon you. But when shall I see
you again?"

"That depends upon circumstances," she replied. "To-neet, may be--may be
to-morrow neet. My plans maun be guided by those of others. Boh when
next yo see me you win ha' to act."

And, without waiting an answer, she rushed out of the doorway, and,
mingling with the crowd, was instantly lost to view; while Nicholas,
full of the intelligence he had received, betook himself slowly to his
lodgings.

Scarcely were they gone when a door, which had been standing ajar, near
them, was opened wide, and disclosed the keen visage of Master Potts.

"Here's a pretty plot hatching--here's a nice discovery I have made!"
soliloquised the attorney. "The whole Demdike family, with the exception
of the old witch herself, whom I saw burnt on Pendle Hill, are at
Hoghton Tower. This shall be made known to the King. I'll have Nicholas
Assheton arrested at once, and the woman with him, whom I recognise as
Nance Redferne. It will be a wonderful stroke, and will raise me highly
in his Majesty's estimation. Yet stay! Will not this interfere with my
other plans with Jennet? Let me reflect. I must go cautiously to work.
Besides, if I cause Nicholas to be arrested, Nance will escape, and then
I shall have no clue to the others. No--no; I must watch Nicholas
closely, and take upon myself all the credit of the discovery. Perhaps
through Jennet I may be able to detect their disguises. At all events, I
will keep a sharp look-out. Affairs are now drawing to a close, and I
have only, like a wary and experienced fowler, to lay my nets cleverly
to catch the whole covey."

And with these ruminations, he likewise went forth into the base court.

The rest of the day was one round of festivity and enjoyment, in which
all classes participated. There were trials of skill and strength,
running, wrestling, and cudgeling-matches, with an infinite variety of
country games and shows.

Towards five o'clock a rush-cart, decked with flowers and ribbons, and
bestridden by men bearing garlands, was drawn up in front of the central
building of the tower, in an open window of which sat James--a
well-pleased spectator of the different pastimes going forward; and
several lively dances were executed by a troop of male and female
morris-dancers, accompanied by a tabor and pipe. But though this show
was sufficiently attractive, it lacked the spirit of that performed at
Whalley; while the character of Maid Marian, which then found so
charming a representative in Alizon, was now personated by a man--and if
Nicholas Assheton, who was amongst the bystanders, was not deceived,
that man was Jem Device. Enraged by this discovery, the squire was
about to seize the ruffian; but, calling to mind Nance's counsel, he
refrained, and Jem (if it indeed were he) retired with a largess,
bestowed by the royal hand as a reward for his uncouth gambols.

The rush-cart and morris-dancers having disappeared, another drollery
was exhibited, called the "Fool and his Five Sons," the names of the
hopeful offspring of the sapient sire being Pickle Herring, Blue Hose,
Pepper Hose, Ginger Hose, and Jack Allspice. The humour of this piece,
though not particularly refined, seemed to be appreciated by the
audience generally, as well as by the monarch, who laughed heartily at
its coarse buffoonery.

Next followed "The Plough and Sword Dance;" the principal actors being a
number of grotesque figures armed with swords, some of whom were yoked
to a plough, on which sat a piper, playing lustily while dragged along.
The plough was guided by a man clothed in a bear-skin, with a fur cap on
his head, and a long tail, like that of a lion, dangling behind him. In
this hirsute personage, who was intended to represent the wood-demon,
Hobthurst, Nicholas again detected Jem Device, and again was strongly
tempted to disobey Nance's injunctions, and denounce him--the rather
that he recognised in an attendant female, in a fantastic dress, the
ruffian's mother, Elizabeth; but he once more desisted.

As soon as the mummers arrived in front of the King, the dance began.
With their swords held upright, the party took hands and wheeled rapidly
round the plough, keeping time to a merry measure played by the piper,
who still maintained his seat. Suddenly the ring was enlarged to double
its former size, each man extending his sword to his neighbour, who took
hold of the point; after which an hexagonal figure was formed, all the
blades being brought together. The swords were then quickly withdrawn,
flashing like sunbeams, and a four square figure was presented, the
dancers vaulting actively over each other's heads. Other variations
succeeded, not necessary to be specified--and the sport concluded by a
general clashing of swords, intended to represent a melee.

Meanwhile, Nicholas had been joined by Richard Assheton, and the latter
was not long in detecting the two Devices through their disguises. On
making this discovery he mentioned it to the squire, and was surprised
to find him already aware of the circumstance, and not less astonished
when he was advised to let them alone; the squire adding he was unable
at that time to give his reasons for such counsel, but, being good and
conclusive, Richard would be satisfied of their propriety hereafter. The
young man, however, thought otherwise, and, notwithstanding his
relative's attempts to dissuade him, announced his intention of causing
the parties to be arrested at once; and with this design he went in
search of an officer of the guard, that the capture might be effected
without disturbance. But the throng was so close round the dancers that
he could not pierce it, and being compelled to return and take another
course, he got nearer to the mazy ring, and was unceremoniously pushed
aside by the mummers. At this moment both his arms were forcibly
grasped, and a deep voice on the right whispered in his ear--"Meddle not
with us, and we will not meddle with you," while similar counsel was
given him in other equally menacing tones, though in a different key, on
the left. Richard would have shaken off his assailants, and seized them
in his turn, but power to do so was wanting to him. For the moment he
was deprived of speech and motion; but while thus situated he felt that
the sapphire ring given him by the King was snatched from his finger by
the first speaker, whom he knew to be Jem Device, while a fearful spell
was muttered over him by Elizabeth.

As this occurred at the time when the rattling of the swords engaged the
whole attention of the spectators, no one noticed what was going forward
except Nicholas, and, before he could get up to the young man, the two
miscreants were gone, nor could any one tell what had become of them.

"Have the wretches done you a mischief?" asked the squire, in a low
tone, of Richard.

"They have stolen the King's ring, which I meant to use in Alizon's
behalf," replied the young man, who by this time had recovered his
speech.

"That is unlucky, indeed," said Nicholas. "But we can defeat any ill
design they may intend, by acquainting Sir John Finett with the
circumstance."

"Let them be," said a voice in his ear. "The time is not yet come." The
squire did not look round, for he well knew that the caution proceeded
from Nance Redferne.

And, accordingly, he observed to Richard--"Tarry awhile, and you will be
amply avenged."

And with this assurance the young man was fain to be content.

Just then a trumpet was sounded, and a herald stationed on the summit of
the broad flight of steps leading to the great hall, proclaimed in a
loud voice that a tilting-match was about to take place between Archie
Armstrong, jester to his most gracious Majesty, and Davy Droman, who
filled the same honourable office to his Grace the Duke of Buckingham,
and that a pair of gilt-heel'd chopines would be the reward of the
successful combatant. This announcement was received with cheers, and
preparations were instantly made for the mock tourney. A large circle
being formed by the yeomen of the guard, with an alley leading to it on
either side, the two combatants, mounted on gaudy-caparisoned
hobby-horses, rode into the ring. Both were armed to the teeth, each
having a dish-cover braced around him in lieu of a breastplate, a
newly-scoured brass porringer on his head, a large pewter platter
instead of a buckler, and a spit with a bung at the point, to prevent
mischief, in place of a lance. The Duke's jester was an obese little
fellow, and his appearance in this warlike gear was so eminently
ridiculous, that it provoked roars of laughter, while Archie was
scarcely less ridiculous. After curveting round the arena in imitation
of knights of chivalry, and performing "their careers, their prankers,
their false trots, their smooth ambles, and Canterbury paces," the two
champions took up a position opposite each other, with difficulty, as it
seemed, reining in their pawing chargers, and awaiting the signal of
attack to be given by Sir John Finett, the judge of the tournament. This
was not long delayed, and the "laissez aller" being pronounced, the
preux chevaliers started forward with so much fury, and so little
discretion, that meeting half-way with a tremendous shock, and butting
against each other like two rams, both were thrown violently backwards,
exhibiting, amid the shouts of the spectators, their heels, no longer
hidden by the trappings of their steeds, kicking in the air. Encumbered
as they were, some little time elapsed before they could regain their
feet, and their lances having been removed in the mean time, by order of
Sir John Finett, as being weapons of too dangerous a description for
such truculent combatants, they attacked each other with their broad
lathen daggers, dealing sounding blows upon helm, habergeon, and shield,
but doing little personal mischief. The strife raged furiously for some
time, and, as the champions appeared pretty well matched, it was not
easy to say how it would terminate, when chance seemed to decide in
favour of Davy Droman; for, in dealing a heavier blow than usual,
Archie's dagger snapped in twain, leaving him at the mercy of his
opponent. On this the doughty Davy, crowing lustily like chanticleer,
called upon him to yield; but Archie was so wroth at his misadventure,
that, instead of complying, he sprang forward, and with the hilt of his
broken weapon dealt his elated opponent a severe blow on the side of the
head, not only knocking off the porringer, but stretching him on the
ground beside it. The punishment he had received was enough for poor
Davy. He made no attempt to rise, and Archie, crowing in his turn,
trampling upon the body of his prostrate foe, and then capering joyously
round it, was declared the victor, and received the gilt chopines from
the judge, amidst the laughter and acclamations of the beholders.

With this the public sports concluded; and, as evening was drawing on
apace, such of the guests as were not invited to pass the night within
the Tower, took their departure; while shortly afterwards, supper being
served in the banqueting-hall on a scale of profusion and magnificence
quite equal to the earlier repast, the King and the whole of his train
sat down to it.

CHAPTER X.--EVENING ENTERTAINMENTS.

Other amusements were reserved for the evening. While revelry was again
held in the great hall; while the tables groaned, for the third time
since morning, with good cheer, and the ruby wine, which seemed to gush
from inexhaustible fountains, mantled in the silver flagons; while
seneschal, sewer, and pantler, with the yeomen of the buttery and
kitchen, were again actively engaged in their vocations; while of the
three hundred guests more than half, as if insatiate, again vied with
each other in prowess with the trencher and the goblet; while in the
words of old Taylor, the water poet, but who was no water-drinker--and
who thus sang of the hospitality of the men of Manchester, in the early
part of the seventeenth century--they had

"Roast, boil'd, bak'd, too, too much, white, claret, sack.
Nothing they thought too heavy or too hot,
Can follow'd can, and pot succeeded pot."

--during this time preparations were making for fresh entertainments out
of doors.

The gardens at Hoghton Tower, though necessarily confined in space,
owing to their situation on the brow of a hill, were beautifully laid
out, and commanded from their balustred terraces magnificent views of
the surrounding country. Below them lay the well-wooded park, skirted by
the silvery Darwen, with the fair village of Walton-le-Dale immediately
beyond it, the proud town of Preston further on, and the single-coned
Nese Point rising majestically in the distance. The principal garden
constituted a square, and was divided with mathematical precision,
according to the formal taste of the time, into smaller squares, with a
broad well-kept gravel walk at each angle. These plots were arranged in
various figures and devices--such as the cinq-foil, the flower-de-luce,
the trefoil, the lozenge, the fret, the diamond, the crossbow, and the
oval--all very elaborate and intricate in design. Besides these knots,
as they were termed, there were labyrinths, and clipped yew-tree walks,
and that indispensable requisite to a garden at the period, a maze. In
the centre was a grassy eminence, surmounted by a pavilion, in front of
which spread a grass-plot of smoothest turf, ordinarily used as a
bowling-green. At the lower end of this a temporary stage was erected,
for the masque about to be represented before the King. Torches were
kindled, and numerous lamps burned in the branches of the adjoining
trees; but they were scarcely needed, for the moon being at the full,
the glorious effulgence shed by her upon the scene rendered all other
light pale and ineffectual.

After supper, at which the drinking was deeper than at dinner, the whole
of the revellers repaired to the garden, full of frolic and merriment,
and well-disposed for any diversion in store for them. The King was
conducted to the bowling-green by his host, preceded by a crowd of
attendants bearing odoriferous torches; but the royal gait being
somewhat unsteady, the aid of Sir Gilbert Hoghton's arm was required to
keep the monarch from stumbling. The rest of the bacchanalians followed,
and, elated as they were, it will not be wondered that they put very
little restraint upon themselves, but shouted, sang, danced, and
indulged in all kinds of licence.

Opposite the stage prepared for the masquers a platform had been reared,
in front of which was a chair for the King, with seats for the nobles
and principal guests behind it. The sides were hung with curtains of
crimson velvet fringed with gold; the roof decorated like a canopy; so
that it had a very magnificent effect. James lolled back in his chair,
and jested loudly and rather indecorously with the various personages as
they took their places around him. In less than five minutes the whole
of the green was filled with revellers, and great was the pushing and
jostling, the laughing and screaming, that ensued among them. Silence
was then enjoined by Sir John Finett, who had stationed himself on the
steps of the stage, and at this command the assemblage became
comparatively quiet, though now and then a half-suppressed titter or a
smothered scream would break out. Amid this silence the King's voice
could be distinctly heard, and his coarse jests reached the ears of all
the astonished audience, provoking many a severe comment from the
elders, and much secret laughter from the juniors.

The masque began. Two tutelar deities appeared on the stage. They were
followed by a band of foresters clad in Lincoln green, with bows at
their backs. The first deity wore a white linen tunic, with
flesh-coloured hose and red buskins, and had a purple taffeta mantle
over his shoulders. In his hand he held a palm branch, and a garland of
the same leaves was woven round his brow. The second household god was a
big brawny varlet, wild and shaggy in appearance, being clothed in the
skins of beasts, with sandals of untanned cowhide. On his head was a
garland of oak leaves; and from his neck hung a horn. He was armed with
a hunting-spear and wood-knife, and attended by a large Lancashire
mastiff. Advancing to the front of the stage, the foremost personage
thus addressed the Monarch--