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=Epistola satirica=: this epistle was addressed to Don
Gaspar de Guzman, Conde-Duque de Olivares (d. 1645),
the favorite and prime minister of Philip IV. It is a
remarkably bold protest, for it was published in 1639 when
Olivares was at the height of his power. His disgrace did
not occur till 1643.

8. Note the double meaning of =sentir=,--'to feel' and 'to
regret.'
page 262
9. =libre= modifies =ingenio=. Translate: _its freedom_.

16. =Que es lengua la verdad de Dios severo= = _que la
verdad es lengua de Dios severo_.

=16.=--=Letrilla Satirica= was published in 1640.

14. Genoa was then, as now, an important seaport
and commercial center. As the Spaniards bought many
manufactured articles from Genoa, much of their money was
"buried" there.

=17.=--Esteban Manuel de Villegas (d. 1669) was a lawyer
who wrote poetry only in his extreme youth. His _Eroticas
o Amatorias_ were published in 1617, and he says himself
that they were written at fourteen and polished at twenty.
Later the cares of life prevented him from increasing
the poetical fame that he gained thus early. He had a
reputation for excessive vanity, due partly to the picture
of the rising sun which he placed upon the title-page
of his poems with the motto _Me surgente, quid istae_?
_Istae_ referred to Lope, Quevedo and others. Villegas'
poems may be found in vol. 42 of the _Bibl. de Aut.
Esp._ Cf. Menendez y Pelayo, _Hist. de los heterodoxos
espanoles_, III, 859-875.

There is a parody of this well-known =cantilena= by
Iglesias in the _Bibl. de Aut. Esp._, vol. 61, p. 477.

=18.=--Pedro Calderon de la Barca Henao de la Barreda y
Riano (1600-1681) was the greatest representative of the
second generation of playwrights in the _Siglo de oro_. He
took some part in the nation's foreign wars, but his life
was spent mostly without event at court as the favorite
dramatist of the aristocracy. He became a priest in 1651
and was made chaplain of honor to Philip IV in 1663.
There are extant over two hundred of his dramatic works,
_comedias, autos, entremeses_, etc. Calderon constructed
his plots more carefully than Lope and was stronger in
exalted lyric and religious passages; but he was more
mannered, more tainted with Gongorism and less skilled in
creating characters.
page 263
His _Comedias_ are contained in vols. 7, 9, 12 and 14 of
the _Bibl. de Aut. Esp._; a few of his _autos_ are in vol.
58, and some of his poems are in vols. 14 and 35. Cf.
also _Poesias ineditas_, Madrid, 1881; Menendez y Pelayo,
_Calderon y su teatro_, Madrid, 1884; R.C. Trench,
_Calderon_, London, 1880.

The sonnet, _Estas que fueron..._, is found in _El
principe constante_, II.

=20.=--Diego Tadeo Gonzalez (1733-1794) was born at
Ciudad-Rodrigo. He entered the order of Augustinians at
eighteen, and filled various important offices within the
Order during his life. His duties took him to Seville,
Salamanca and Madrid. From youth he showed a particular
bent for poetry, and Horace and Luis de Leon were his
admiration. He was an intimate friend of Jovellanos,
who induced him to forsake light subjects and attempt a
didactic poem, _Las edades_, which was left unfinished.
Fray Diego's modest and lovable character and his friendly
relations with other men of letters made him an attractive
figure. His poems are in vol. 61 of the _Bibl. de Aut.
Esp._ Cf. _Introduction_, p. xxx.

II. =Mirta= was a lady with whom the author long
corresponded and to whom he addressed many poems. =Delio=
(l. 15) was the name by which Fray Diego Gonzalez was
known among his literary intimates: Jovellanos was called
"Jovino"; Melendez Valdes, "Batilo"; etc.

=21=.--4. =recogellos= = _recogerlos_.

12. =a la ave=: a more usual construction would be _al
ave_, although the sound wouhd be approximately the same
in either case. See also below in line 24, =a la alba=.

=22=.--4. =reluciente=, modified by an adverb, here =
_reluciendo_.

6. =recio=: a predicate adjective with the force of an
adverb.

=26.=--Nicolas Fernandez de Moratin (1737-1780) was born
in Madrid of a noble Asturian family. He studied for the
law and practised it in Madrid, but irregularly, devoting
most of his time to literary work. Besides his page 264
poems in the national style (see _Introduction_, p. xxix)
he wrote an epic on the burning of the ships of Cortes and
several plays in the French manner, of which only one,
_Hormesinda_ (1770), ever had a stage production. His
works, with his _Life_ written by his son Leandro, are
printed in vol. 2 of the _Bibl. de Ant. Esp._

=Fiesta de toros en Madrid=. Baedeker's guide-book to
Spain and Portugal says: "Bull-fights were instituted for
the encouragement of proficiency in the use of martial
weapons and for the celebration of festal occasions,
and were a prerogative of the aristocracy down to the
sixteenth century. As the mounted _caballero_ encountered
the bull, armed only with a lance, accidents were very
frequent. No less than ten knights lost their lives at a
single _Fiesta de Toros_ in 1512. The present form of the
sport, so much less dangerous for the man and so much more
cruel for the beast, was adopted about the beginning of
the seventeenth century. The construction, in 1749, of
the first great _Plaza de Toros_ in Madrid definitely
converted the once chivalrous sport into a public
spectacle, in which none took part but professional
_Toreros_." The padded _picador_ of to-day, astride a
blinded, worn-out old hack, is the degenerate successor of
the knight of old. In the seventeenth century bull-fights
in Madrid were sometimes given in the _Plaza Mayor_ (or
_Plaza de la Constitucion_).

6. =Aliatar=: this, like most of the names of persons in
this poem, is fictitious; but in form these words are of
Arabic origin, and it is probable that Moratin borrowed
most of them from the _romances moriscos_. The names of
places, it should be noticed, are also Arabic, but the
places still retain these names. See =Alimenon=, and all
names of places, in the _Vocab._

=28=.--19. =Hecho un lazo por airon=, _tied in a knot [to
look] like a crest of plumes_. This was doubtless the
forerunner of the modern _banderilla_ (barbed page 265
dart ornamented with streamers of colored paper).

=30.=--26-28. =Cual... nube= = _cual la ardiente madeja
del sol deja mirarse tal vez entre cenicienta nube_.

=31.=--12. =blasones de Castilla=: as at this time (in the
reign of Alfonso VI) Leon and Castile were united, the
=blasones= were probably two towers (for Castile) and
two lions (for Leon), each one occupying a corner of the
shield.

14. =Nunca mi espada venciera= apparently means: _Never
did he conquer my sword_. This may refer to any adversary,
or to some definite adversary in a previous combat.

26. The best bulls raised for bull-fights come from the
valley of the Guadalquivir.

=32.=--22-26. =Asi... acerquen a..., Como=, _may... bring
to..., just as surely as_.

=33.=--8. Fernando I: see in _Vocab._

=35.=--28. The stanzas of pages 34 and 35 are probably
known to every Spaniard: schoolboys commit them to memory
for public recitation.

=36.=--15. =dignaredes= = _dignareis_. In modern Spanish
the _d_ (from Lat. _t_) of the 2d pers. plur. verb endings
has fallen.

=38.=--4. =Y... despedir= = _y [si no vieran] a Zaida que
le despedia._

13. =cruz=: the cross of a sword is the guard which,
crossing the hilt at right angles, gives the sword the
shape of a cross. The cross swords were held in especial
veneration by the medieval Christians.

Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos (_or_ Jove-Llanos)
(1744-1811) was one of the loftiest characters and most
unselfish statesmen ever produced by Spain. Educated for
the law, he filled with distinction important judicial
offices in Seville and Madrid. In 1780 he was made a
member of the Council of Orders. He attached himself to
the fortunes of Count Cabarrus, and when that statesman
fell from power in 1790, Jovellanos was exiled to page 266
his home in Gijon (Asturias). There he devoted himself
to the betterment of his native province. In 1797 the
favorite, Godoy, made him _ministro de gracia y justicia_;
but he could not be other than an enemy of the corrupt
"Prince of the Peace," and in 1798 he was again sent home.
In 1801 he was seized and imprisoned in Majorca and was
not released till the invasion of Spain by the French in
1808. He refused flattering offers of office under the
French, and was the most active member of the _Junta
Central_ which organized the Spanish cortes. Unjustly
criticized for his labors he retired home, whence he was
driven by a sudden incursion of the French. He died a few
days after in an inn at Vega (Asturias).

Jovellanos' best literary work is really his political
prose, such as the _Informe sobre un proyecto de ley
agraria_ (1787) and _Defensa de la junta central_ (1810).
His _Delincuente honrado_ (1773), a _comedie larmoyante_
after the manner of Diderot's _Fils naturel_, had wide
success on the stage. His works are in vols. 46 and 50 of
the _Bibl. de Aut. Esp._ Cf. E. Merimee, _Jovellanos_, in
the _Revue hispanique_, I, pp. 34-68.

=?Quis tam patiens ut teneat se?= _who is so
long-suffering as to control himself?_

21. =prision=: see mention above of Jovellanos'
imprisonment in Majorca.

=39.=--2. It is scarcely accurate to call Juvenal a
=bufon=, since he was rather a scornful, austere satirist
of indignation.

=40.=--26. =cuanto de= is an unusual expression; but if
the line read: _iAy, cuanta amargura y cuanto lloro_, it
would lack one syllable.

=41.=--4-6. =cuesta... infanta=. Evidently the world has
changed little in a hundred years!

=42.=--Juan Melendez Valdes (1754-1817) was born in the
district of Badajoz (Estremadura). He studied law at
Salamanca, where he was guided in letters by Cadalso. In
1780 he won a prize offered by the Academy for page 267
the best eclogue. He then accepted a professorship at
Salamanca offered him by Jovellanos. Literary success led
him to petition a position under the government which,
involving as it did loss of independence, proved fatal
to his character. He filled honorably important judicial
posts in Saragossa and Valladolid, but court intrigue
and the caprices of Godoy brought him many trials and
undeserved punishments. In 1808 he accepted a position
under the French, and nearly lost his life from popular
indignation. Later his vacillations were pitiful: he wrote
spirited poems now for the French and now against them.
When they were finally expelled in 1813, he left the
country with them and died in poverty and sorrow in
Montpellier.

Most of his poems are in vol. 63 of the _Bibl. de
Aut. Esp._; others have been published in the _Revue
hispanique_, vols. I. and IV. Cf. his Life by Quintana
in _Bibl. de Aut. Esp._, vol. 19; E. Merimee,
_Melendez Valdes_, in _Revue hispanique_, I, 166-195;
_Introduction_, p. xxx.

=44.=--5. =Muy mas=: this use of _muy_ is not uncommon in
the older classics, but the usual expression now is _mucho
mas_.

28. =benigna=: see note, p. 22, l. 6.

=46.=--Manuel Jose Quintana (1772-1857) was born in
Madrid. He went to school in Cordova and later studied law
at Salamanca. He fled from Madrid upon the coming of the
French. In the reign of Ferdinand VII he was for a time
confined in the Bastile of Pamplona on account of his
liberal ideas. After the liberal triumph of 1834 he held
various public offices, including that of Director General
of Public Instruction. In 1855 he was publicly crowned in
the Palace of the Senate.

See _Introduction_, p. xxxii; Ticknor, III, 332-334;
Blanco Garcia, _La literatura espanola en el siglo XIX_,
2d ed., Madrid, 1899, I, 1-13; Menendez y Pelayo, _D.
Manuel Jose Quintana_, _La poesia lirica al page 268
principiar el siglo XIX_, Madrid, 1887; E. Pineyro, _M.-J.
Quintana_, Chartres, 1892; Juan Valera, _Florilegio de
poesias castellanas_, Madrid, 1903, V, 32-38. His works
are in vols. 19 and 67 of _Bibl. de Aut. Esp._

The Spanish people, goaded by the subservience of Charles
IV and his prime minister and favorite, Godoy, to the
French, rose in March, 1808, swept away Godoy, forced the
king to abdicate and placed his son Ferdinand upon the
throne. It was believed that this change of rulers would
check French influence in the Peninsula, but Ferdinand was
forced by Napoleon into a position more servile than that
occupied formerly by Charles.

2. Note the free word-order in Spanish which permits, as
in this line, the subject to follow the verb, the object
to precede.

14. =Oceano=: note the omission of the accent on _e_, that
the word may rime with =soberano= and =vano=; but here
=oceano= still has four syllables.

=47.=--28. =tirano del mundo= = Napoleon Bonaparte.

=48.=--24. By =los colosos de oprobio y de vergueenza= are
probably meant Charles IV and Godoy.

=49.=--29. =hijo de Jimena=: see _Jimena_ and _Bernardo
del Carpio_, in _Vocab._

=50.=--2. =En... y=, _with a... and in_.

=51.=--Dionisio Solis y Villanueva (1774-1834) was born in
Cordova: he never rose higher in life than to be prompter
in a theater. He fought against the French, and he was
exiled for a time by Ferdinand VII. Solis wrote some plays
and translated many from other languages into Spanish. The
best that can be said of Solis as a poet is that his work
is spontaneous and in parts pleasing. Cf. Blanco Garcia,
I, 50 and 61-63; Valera, _Florilegio_, V, 44-46.

=53.=--18-19. =Esta... enfermedad= = _esta dulce deliciosa
enfermedad que yo siento_.
page 269
25. si puede (here meaning _if it is possible_) is
understood before =que trate=.

=54.=--Juan Nicasio Gallego (1777-1853) was born at
Zamora. He was ordained a priest: later he went to court,
and was appointed Director of His Majesty's Pages. He
frequented the salon of his friend Quintana, and was
elected deputy from Cadiz. In 1814, during the reign of
Ferdinand VII, Gallego was imprisoned for his liberal
ideas and later was banished from Spain. He spent some
years in France and returned to Spain in 1828. Later he
was appointed Perpetual Secretary of the Spanish Academy.

See _Introduction_, p. xxxii; Blanco Garcia, I, 13 f.;
Valera, _Florilegio_, V, 38-44. His poems are in vol. 67
of the _Bibl. de Aut. Esp._ There is also an edition of
his poems by the Academia de la Lengua, Madrid, 1854.

=El Dos de Mayo=: on the second of May, 1808, the Spanish
people, unarmed and without strong leaders, rose against
Napoleon's veteran troops. Aided by the English, they
drove out the French after a long and bloody war, thus
proving to the world that the old Spanish spirit of
independence was still alive. This war is known to the
Spaniards as the _Guerra de la independencia_ and to the
English as the Peninsular War. The popular uprising began
with the seizure of a powder magazine in Madrid by Velarde
and Daoiz (see in _Vocab._). These men and their followers
were killed and the magazine was retaken by the French,
but the incident roused the Spanish people to action.

9. al furor, _in the glare_.

=55.=--4. =Mantua=: a poetic appellation of Madrid. Cf.
article by Prof. Milton A. Buchanan in _Romanic Review_,
1910, p. 211 f. See also p. xxxiii, _Introduction_ to this
volume.

11-12. =?Quien habra... que cuente=, _who may there be to
tell..._

=58.=--26 to =59.=--3. Note how the poet refers to the
various parts of the Spanish peninsula: =hijos de Pelayo=
= the Spaniards in general, or perhaps those page 270
of northernmost Spain; =Moncayo= = Aragon, Navarre and
Castile; =Turia= = Valencia; =Duero= = Old Castile, Leon
and Portugal; and =Guadalquivir= = Andalusia. See =Pelayo=
and =Moncayo= and these names of rivers in _Vocab._

5. =Patron= = Santiago, or St. James, the patron saint of
Spain. According to the legend James "the Greater," son of
Zebedee, preached in Spain, and after his death his body
was taken there and buried at Santiago de Campostela. It
was believed that he often appeared in the battle-fields
fighting with the Spaniards against the Moslems.

14-15. =a... brindo felicidad=, _drank in fire and blood a
toast to her prosperity_.

=60.=--Francisco Martinez de la Rosa (1787-1862) was born
at Granada. During the War of Independence he was sent to
England to plead for the support of that country against
the French. Later he was exiled by Ferdinand VII, and was
for five years a prisoner of state in a Spanish prison on
the African coast. After his release he became prominent
in politics, and was forced to flee to France. In 1834 he
was called into power by the queen regent, Maria Cristina.
He represented his country at Paris, and later at Rome,
and held several important posts as cabinet minister.

See _Introduction_, p. xxxvi; Menendez y Pelayo, _Estudios
de critica literaria_, Madrid, 1884, pp. 223, f.; Blanco
Garcia, I, 115-128; Juan Valera, _Florilegio_, V, 56-63.
His _Obras completas_, 2 vols., ed. Baudry, were published
at Paris in 1845. Several of his articles of literary
criticism are in vols. 5, 7, 20 and 61 of the _Bibl. de
Aut. Esp._

3. =riyendo= = _riendo_.

=61.=--Angel de Saavedra, Duque de Rivas (1791-1865) was
born at Cordova. He prepared for a military career. By
reason of his liberal ideas he was compelled to leave
Spain and went to England, France and the Island of Malta.
He returned to Spain in 1834 and became a cabinet page 271
minister, but was again forced to flee the country. Later
he was welcomed back and represented Spain at Naples. He
retired from politics and was appointed Director of the
Spanish Academy.

See _Introduction_, p. xxxvi; Blanco Garcia, I, 129-153;
Juan Valera, _Florilegio_, V, 184-195. His _Obras
completas_, in 5 vols., were published by the Spanish
Academy, Madrid, 1854-1855, with introductory essays by
Pastor Diaz and Canete. His works were also published in
the _Coleccion de Escritores castellanos_, 1894-.

4. =De... pro= = _en pro de mi sangre y casa_.

=62.=--3. =a la que=: translate, _before which_.

10. =duque de Borbon= is the subject of =estaba=, l. 3.

18. =Emperador= = Charles V.

=64.=--8. =Condestable= = Velasco, Constable of Spain, who
in 1521 defeated the _comuneros_ who had rebelled against
the rule of Charles V.

=65.=--22. =Y con los que=, _with whom_.

23. =estrecho= stands in antithesis to =ancho=: _for his
glory the broad world will be narrow_.

=66.=--18-19. =Y... leonesa= = _y un coleto a la leonesa
de recamado ante_.

=68.=--20-21. =Que... resuelta= = _que es voluntad suya
resuelta (el) que aloje a Borbon_.

=69.=--22. =de un su pariente= is archaic. The regular
expression to-day would be _de un pariente suyo_.

=71.=--Juan Arolas (1805-1849) was born in Barcelona, but
spent most of his life in Valencia. In 1821, when sixteen
years old, Arolas, much against the wishes of his parents,
joined a monastic order. Arolas wrote in all the literary
genres of his time, but he distinguished himself most as a
poet by his romantic "oriental" and love poems.

Cf. _El P. Arolas, su vida y sus versos_, Madrid, 1898, by
Jose R. Lomba y Pedraja; Blanco Garcia, I, 186-189; Juan
Valera, _Florilegio_, V, 121-130. A new edition page 272
of Arolas' verses was published at Valencia in 1883.

=73.=--Jose de Espronceda (1808-1842), Spain's greatest
romantic poet, was born in Almendralejo (Badajoz). At
the Colegio de San Mateo Espronceda was considered a
precocious but wayward pupil. His poetic gifts won for him
the lasting friendship of his teacher, Alberto Lista.
At an early age he became a member of a radical secret
society, Los Numantinos. Sent into exile to a monastery in
Guadalajara, he there composed the fragmentary heroic poem
_Pelayo_. After his release he went to Lisbon and then to
London. Enamored of Teresa, though another's wife, he fled
with her to Paris, where he took an active part in the
revolution of 1830. Espronceda returned to Spain in 1833,
and engaged in journalism and politics. Worn out by his
tempestuous life, he died at the early age of thirty-four
years.

See _Introduction_, p. xxxvii; E. Rodriguez Solis,
_Espronceda, su tiempo, su vida y sus obras_, Madrid,
1883; Blanco Garcia, I, 154-171; Juan Valera,
_Florilegio_, V, 197-207; Antonio Corton, _Espronceda_,
Madrid, 1906; Philip H. Churchman, _Espronceda's Blanca
de Borbon, Revue hisp._, 1907; and _Byron and Espronceda,
ibid._, 1909. For his poems, see _Obras poeticas_, in the
_Biblioteca amena e instructiva_, Barcelona, 1882; _Obras
poeticas y escritos en prosa, coleccion ordenada por D.
Patricio de la Escosura_, Madrid, 1884.

=79.=--Jose de Zorrilla (1817-1893) was born in
Valladolid. After receiving his secondary education in the
Jesuit Semanario de Nobles he began the study of law;
but he soon turned to the more congenial pursuit of
belles-lettres. In 1855 he went to Mexico where he resided
eleven years. Though a most productive writer, Zorrilla
spent most of his life in penury until, in his old age, he
received from the government an annual pension of 30,000
reales. He became a member of the Spanish Academy in 1885,
and four years later he was "crowned" in Granada. page 273
Zorrilla died in Madrid in his seventy-sixth year.

See _Introduction_, p. xxxvii; an autobiography,
_Recuerdos del tiempo viejo_, 3 vols.; Fernandez
Florez, _D. Jose Zorrilla_, in _Autores dramaticos
contemporaneos_, 1881, vol. I; Blanco Garcia, I, 197-216;
Juan Valera, _Florilegio_, V, 258-270. For his works, see
_Poesias_, 8 vols., Madrid, 1838-1840; _Obras_, edition
Baudry, 3 vols., Paris, 1852; _Poesias escogidas_,
published by the Academia de la lengua, Madrid, 1894;
_Obras dramaticas y liricas_, Madrid, 1895.

=85.=--10. =Fantasmas= = _como fantasmas_.

=86.=--=A Buen Juez Mejor Testigo=, _A Good Judge, But a
Better Witness_. In Berceo's _Milagros de Nuestra Senora_
there is a similar legend of a crucifix summoned as
witness.

=91.=--4-5. =Como... bane=: this passage is obscure, but
the meaning seems to be, _as a pledge that the river
should so zealously bathe it_.

18. =la hermosa=, according to tradition, was Florinda,
daughter of Count Julian. Roderick (Roderico or Rodrigo),
the last king of the Goths in Spain, saw Florinda bathing
in the Tagus, conceived a passion for her and dishonored
her. In revenge Julian is said to have brought the
Saracens into Spain.

27. =puerta=: this may refer to the Puerta Visagra
Antigua, an ancient Arabic gate of the ninth century, now
closed.

=92.=--12. =Las... horadarle= = _al horadarle las palmas
(al rey)_. According to tradition Alfonso, who became
afterward King Alfonso VI of Leon and Castile, when a
refugee at the court of Alimenon, the Moorish king of
Toledo, overheard the Moorish sovereign and his advisers
talking about the defences of the city. The Moors said
that the Christians, by a siege, could probably starve
Toledo into submission. Upon perceiving Alfonso near at
hand apparently asleep, the Moors, to prove whether he was
really asleep or not, poured molten lead into page 274
his hand, and he had sufficient will power to remain
motionless while the lead burned a hole through it.

Mariana (_Historia de Espana, Libro IX, Cap. VIII_)
relates this story, but rejects it and says that the
real cause of Alfonso's nickname ("_el rey de la mano
horadada_") was his extreme generosity.

13. =circo romano=: to the east of the _Hospital de San
Juan Bautista_ of Toledo lies the suburb of Covachuelas,
the houses of which conceal the ruins of a Roman
amphitheater.

15. =Basilica=: in the lower _Vega_, to the northwest
of Toledo, is the hermitage of _El Cristo de la Vega_,
formerly known as the _Basilica de Santa Leocadia_, which
dated from the fourth century. This edifice was the
meeting-place of several Church councils. The ancient
building was destroyed by the Moors and has been
repeatedly rebuilt.

=95.=--21. =el templo=: the _Ermita del Cristo de la
Vega_. See preceding note.

27. =Viase= = _veiase_: _via_, for _veia_, is not uncommon
in poetry.

=105.=--3-5. =Gritan... valor= = _los que en el mercado
venden, gritan en discorde son_ =lo vendido y el valor= (=
_what they have for sale and its price_).

=107.=--13-14. =y... honor= = _y dispensad que (yo) dudara
de vuestro honor acusado_.

=108.=--10. See note, p. 92, l. 15.

=112.=--16. =cada un ano= = _cada ano_.

Antonio de Trueba (1821-1889) was born at Montellano
(Viscaya). At the age of fifteen or sixteen years he
removed to Madrid and engaged in commerce. In 1862 he
was appointed Archivist and Chronicler of the Senorio de
Vizcaya, which post he held for ten years. Trueba, best
known as a writer of short stories, published two volumes
of mediocre verses which achieved considerable popularity
during the author's lifetime, but are now nearly
forgotten.

Cf. _Notas autobiograficas_ in _La Ilustracion Espanola y page 275
Americana_, Enero 30, 1889; Blanco Garcia, II,
26-28 and 301-308; Juan Valera, _Florilegio_, V, 307-311.
For his verses, see _El libro de los cantares_ (1851) and
_El libro de las montanas_ (1867).

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