Our Foreigners by Samuel P. Orth
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Samuel P. Orth >> Our Foreigners
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Independence (La.), Italians in, 211
Indiana, admitted as State (1816), 33;
western migration through, 36;
"Underground Railway" in, 54;
negroes in, 62;
New Harmony, 74-75, 94-96;
Germans in, 134;
Scotch and English in, 151;
Italian farmers in, 212;
Poles in, 213;
racial changes in coal regions, 219
Indianapolis, Bulgarians in, 170
Indians real Americans, 22
Indians, East, in America, 207
Industrial Commission, on Polish immigrants, 167;
report on immigration, 228
Industrial Workers of the World, Finns in, 160
Inspirationists, 80-84
Iowa, frontiersmen in, 36;
Inspirationists in, 82-84;
Icarians in, 101;
Germans in, 134, 141;
Slavs in, 213
Irish, in America, 6, 103 _et seq._;
half population of Ireland emigrates to America, 104;
reasons for emigration, 105-107;
in Continental Army, 108;
pauper immigrants from, 110;
travel conditions for immigrants, 111-12;
present immigration, 121;
economic advance in America, 122-23;
contrasted with Germans, 124;
number of immigrants (1820-1910), 150;
in New England mills, 215;
in Lawrence (Mass.), 216;
in Johnstown (Penn.), 216;
in Granite City (Ill.), 217;
in coal mines of Pennsylvania, 218
Irish Republican Brotherhood, 119
Isaacks, Isaac, 30
Italians, in South, 65, 210-11;
as laborers, 122;
in United States, 180-83;
on poor land, 210;
in New England mills, 215;
in Pennsylvania, 216, 217, 218
Jahn, F.L., organizes _Turnvereine_, 131
James, Henry, on foreigners in Boston, 162-63
Jansen, Olaf, 88, 89
Janson, Eric, 85-87, 89
Jansonists, 85-89, 90
Japan, agreement with (1907), 205-06
Japanese, in United States, 203-207;
hostility toward, 205-207;
order of exclusion from United States, 206
Jay, John, 16
Jews, in America, 16-17, 176-180;
Spanish-Portuguese, 177;
German, 177;
Austrian, 178;
Hungarian, 178;
Russian, 178-79
Johnstown (Penn.), racial changes in, 216
Joliet (Ill.), Slovenians in, 172
Kansas, Germans in, 141;
Scandinavians in, 156;
Slavs in, 213
Kapp, Frederick, 129, 140
Kaskaskia, French settle, 152
Kearney, Dennis, 193
Kelpius, Johann, leader of Pietists, 69
Kendal (O.), communistic attempt at, 96
Kentucky, not represented in First Census, 25;
admitted as State (1792), 33;
pioneers leave, 36
Kidnaping, labor brought to America by, 8
"Know-Nothing" party, 114, 221
Kotzebue, German publicist, 131
Kruszka, Rev. W.X., estimates number of Poles, in United States, 167 (note)
Ku Klux Klan, 58
Labadists, 68-69
Labor, kidnaping of, 8;
indentured service, 9-10;
Scotch political prisoners sold into service, 12-13;
negro, 60-63;
Irish displaced by other nationalities, 121-22;
Italian, 181;
Chinese, 190-91;
attitude toward Chinese, 193, 194;
treaty limiting Chinese,198;
bill to prohibit immigration of Chinese, 199;
Scott Act, 201;
Japanese, 204;
racial changes in, 216-17;
law to aid importation of contract labor, 222;
contract labor excluded, 225
Lafayette, Marquis de, visits Gallipolis, 152
Land, immigrants on the, 147 _et seq._;
immigrants on abandoned or rejected land, 208-214
Laurens, Henry, 16
Lawrence (Mass.), racial changes in, 215-16
Lee, Ann, founder of Shakers, 91, 92
Legislation, negro, 59-60;
Chinese immigration, 199-200, 201-03;
California Alien Land Act, 206-07;
immigration, 222 _et seq._
Lehigh River, Moravian community on, 72
Lehman, Peter, 72
Lesueur, C.A., 95
Levant, immigrants from the, 184
Limestone Ridge, Battle of, 120
Lincoln, Abraham, father a pioneer, 36;
message to Congress Dec. 8, 1863, 222
Literacy test for immigrants, in Lodge bill, 227;
rejected in law of 1903, 228-29;
executive disapproval of, 231;
bill passes over veto (1917), 232;
provisions of act, 232
Lithuanians in United States, 174-75
Liverpool, Irish immigrants at, 111, 112 (note)
Lockwood, G.B., _The New Harmony Movement_, cited, 96 (note)
Lodge, H.C., _The Distribution of Ability in the United States_, 39-41, 43;
immigration bill, 227
Logan, James, Secretary of Province of Pennsylvania, on Scotch-Irish, 11-12
London, German emigrants embark at, 134
Los Angeles, anti-Chinese riots, 191
Louis Philippe visits Gallipolis, 152
Louisiana, admitted as State (1812), 33;
American migration to, 34;
Icarians in, 99;
Italians in, 211
Louisiana Purchase (1803), 147
McCall, of Massachusetts, introduces Lodge bill in House, 227
McCarthy, Justin, quoted, 106;
cited, 107
Macedonia, Bulgarians from, 170
McGee, T. D'A., leader of "Young Ireland" party, 120-121
Maclure, William, "Father of American Geology," 94-95
Macluria (Ind.), communistic attempt, 96
McMaster, J.B., _History of the People of the United States_, quoted, 152
McParlan, James, 118
Macy, Jesse, _The Anti-Slavery Crusade_, cited, 54 (note)
Madison, James, on population of New England, 34
Madison (Ill.), racial changes in, 217
Magyars, distinct race, 174;
in United States, 175-76;
in Granite City (Ill.), 217
Maine, Shakers in, 91
Mainzer Adelsverein, 136
Manchester (England), Shakers originate in, 91
Manhattan, Jewish synagogue in (1691), 16;
Dutch in, 17;
cosmopolitan character, 17;
Norwegian Quakers land on, 155;
_see also_ New York City
Marion, Francis, 16
Marx, Karl, 179
Maryland, English settle, 5-6;
recruits schoolmasters from criminals, 9;
Scotch-Irish in, 11, 12;
Scotch in, 12;
Irish in, 13;
Germans in, 127;
Poles in, 213
Massachusetts, French in, 15;
Shakers in, 91;
Brook Farm, 97
Mather, Cotton, on Scotch-Irish, 11
Mayer, Brantz, _Captain Canot: or Twenty Years in a Slaver_, quoted, 48
Meade, General, against Fenians, 120
Mennonites, 13, 68 (note)
_Mercury_, New York, quoted, 108
Metz, Christian, leader of Inspirationists, 81, 82
Mexican War extends United States territory, 33, 148
Mexicans, feeling against, in California, 190
Michigan, admitted as State (1837), 33;
Germans in, 134;
Scotch and English in, 151;
Dutch in, 153;
Scandinavians in, 156;
farms for sale in, 209;
Slavs in, 212;
racial changes in ore regions of, 219
Mikkelsen, quoted, 90-91
Milwaukee, "the German Athens," 135;
Poles in, 167 (note)
Minnesota, frontiersmen in, 36;
Scandinavians in, 157;
"Scandinavian language" in university, 158-59;
Slavs in, 212;
racial changes in ore regions of, 219
Mississippi, admitted as State (1817), 33;
American migration to, 34;
Dalmatians in, 171
Mississippi River, French on, 18
Mississippi Valley, fugitive slaves in, 54;
Irish in, 108;
German influence, 135;
French in, 152;
Bohemians in, 159
Missouri, admitted as State (1821), 33;
frontiersmen in, 36;
Germans in, 134;
Giessener Gesellschaft in, 136
Mohawk Valley, Germans in, 127
Molly Maguires, society among anthracite coal miners, 117-118
Monroe, James, and Owen, 94
Montenegrins, as South Slavs, 164;
in United States, 171
Moravians, 13, 17, 72, 165
More, Sir Thomas, _Utopia_, 98
Mormons, 87
Mount Lebanon, Shaker community, 91
Mount Vernon, nationalities represented on July 4, 1918, at, 233
Names, disappearance of, 24-25 (note);
modifications, 30
Nantes, Edict of, revocation of, 15
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 63
National Civil Federation calls immigration conference (1905), 229
Nauvoo (Ill.), Icarians at, 99-100, 101
Navigation Laws, 106
Nebraska, Germans in, 141;
Scandinavians in, 156;
Bohemians in, 159;
Slavs in, 213
Neef, Joseph, 95
Negroes, 45 _et seq._;
identified with America, 45;
most distinctly foreign element, 46;
tribes represented among slaves, 49;
mutual benefit organizations, 51-52, 63;
population (1860), 56;
education, 57;
religion, 57;
as farmers, 59-60;
advance, 64;
characteristics shown by neglected gardens, 64-65;
bibliography, 236-37;
_see also_ Africans, Slavery, Slave trade
Nevada, vote for Garfield (1880), 197 (note)
New Amsterdam, Jews come to, 16
New Bedford, Portuguese in, 184
New Bern, Germans in, 127
New England, English settle, 5-6;
dissenters found, 8;
Scotch-Irish leave, 11;
Dutch and, 17;
Madison on population of, 34;
slavery, 51;
"Underground Railway" in, 54;
capital in slave trade, 56;
Montenegrins and Serbians in, 171;
Portuguese in, 184;
abandoned farms, 209;
Poles in, 213;
Slavs in, 214;
racial changes in mills, 215-16
_New Era_ founded by McGee, 121 (note)
New Hampshire, Shakers in, 91
New Harmony (Ind.), Rapp's colony, 74-75;
sold to Robert Owen, 75;
Owen's colony, 94-96
New Jersey, English settle, 5;
not represented in first census, 25;
census computations for 1790, 28-29;
Germans in, 127;
racial changes in manufacturing towns, 216
New Netherland, 17
New Orleans, Spain acquires, 18;
Icarians in, 99;
Irish in, 113;
Dalmatians in, 171;
Italians in, 180, 211
New York (State), Germans in, 14;
French in, 15;
Jews in, 16;
western part settled, 33;
migration through, 36;
slavery, 50-51;
"Underground Railway" in, 54;
and slave trade, 56;
negroes in, 62;
Shakers in, 91;
Scotch and English in, 151;
Norwegians in, 155;
Poles in, 167;
Russians in, 169;
Italian farmers, 212;
racial changes in manufacturing towns, 216;
State relief for immigrants, 224
New York City, French in, 16;
cosmopolitanism, 18-19;
Irish in, 108, 109, 113;
Tammany Hall, 116;
Germans in, 127;
Poles in, 167 (note);
Croatians in, 172;
Hungarian Jews, 178;
Russian Jews, 179;
Italians, 180;
_see also_ Manhattan
_New York Nation_, McGee establishes, 120 (note)
New Zealand, deflects migration to United States, 150
Newfoundland, Irish come through, 109
Newspapers, German, 139, 142-144;
Scandinavian, 158;
Slovak, 169
"Niagara Movement," 63
Norsemen, _see_ Scandinavians
North, colonies settled by townfolk, 7-8;
negroes in, 55;
negro laborers, 62
North Carolina, Germans in, 127
Northwest, Scandinavians in, 156;
_see also_ names of States
Northwest Territory, slavery forbidden in, 51
Norwegians, number in America, 154;
character, 154;
lead Scandinavian migration, 155;
_see also_ Scandinavians
Noyes, J.H., 92, 93
Oberholtzer, _History of the United States since the Civil War_,
cited, 120 (note), 148 (note), 149 (note)
Ohio, admitted as State (1802), 33;
western migration through, 36;
"Underground Railway" in, 54;
negroes in, 62;
Zoar colony, 78-80;
Germans in, 134;
Scotch and English in, 151;
French in, 151-52;
Swiss in, 153;
Slovenians in, 173;
Italian farmers, 212;
Poles in, 213;
racial changes in coal regions of, 219
Ohio River, French on, 18
Oklahoma, Bohemians in, 159;
Slavs in, 213
Old Elmspring Community, 89
Olsen, Jonas, 87, 88
Omaha, Italians in, 180
Oneida Community, 92-93
Orange County (N.Y.), Polish settlement, 213
Ordinance of 1787, 51
Oregon, acquisition of (1846), 33, 147;
Scandinavians in, 156;
Japanese in, 203
Orientals, 188 _et seq._;
_see also_ Chinese, Indians, East, Japanese
Otis, General, 202
Owen, Robert, 75, 93-96, 98
Ozark Mountains, Italians in, 211
Palatinate, peasants come to America from, 14
Penn, William, 71
Pennsylvania, English settle, 5;
Scotch-Irish in, 11-12;
Welsh in, 13;
Germans in, 13, 14, 126-27;
Dutch in, 14;
Jews in, 17;
cosmopolitan character, 19;
western part settled, 33;
slavery, 51;
negroes in, 62;
Dunkards in, 70;
Poles in, 167;
Russians in, 169;
Croatians in, 172;
Slovenians in, 173;
Lithuanians in, 175;
Italian farmers, 212;
landward movement of Slavs in, 213-14;
racial changes, 216, 218-19
Pennsylvania Philosophical Society,
Pietists' astrological instruments in collection of, 70
Petrosino, Lieutenant Joseph, murdered, 231
Peysel, _see_ Beissel
Philadelphia, Welsh near, 13;
cosmopolitan character, 18;
negroes arrested, 51;
Ephrata draws pupils from, 71;
Irish immigrant association, 109;
Irish in, 113;
Italians in, 180
Philippines, Chinese exclusion, 202
Pietists, 69-70
Pine Lake (Wis.), Swedish colony, 155
Pittsburgh, "Boat Load of Knowledge" from, 94
Poles, in America, 160, 167-69, 213, 214-15, 217;
as North Slavs, 164
Politics, foreigners in, 42;
Irish in, 116, 117;
Germans in, 139, 144;
Bohemians in, 166;
Chinese as issue, 193;
selective immigration as issue (1892), 226-27
Population, increase in, 32;
_see also_ Census
Portland, Italians in, 180
Portuguese in United States, 184
Prairie du Rocher, French settlement, 152
Presbyterians, Scotch-Irish, 10
Presidents of United States from American stock, 42
Price, J.C., negro orator, 64
Quakers, Norwegian, 155
Rafinesque, C.S., 95
Railroads, Chinese laborers on, 190
Raleigh, Sir Walter, 5
Rapp, F.R., adopted son of Father Rapp, 75-76
Rapp, J.G., founder of Harmonists, 73;
"Father Rapp," 74;
at Harmony, 73-74;
at New Harmony, 74-75;
at Economy, 75-77
Reconstruction after Civil War, 57-59
Red Bank (N.J.), communistic colony at, 97
Reed, of Missouri, wishes to exclude African immigrants, 232
Republican party on immigration restriction, 226
_Restoration_ (sloop), 155
Revere, Paul, 16
Revolutionary War, Irish in, 108;
Germans and, 127
Rhode Island, French in, 15;
Jews in, 17
Rock Springs (Wyo.), anti-Chinese riot, 200
Roosevelt, Theodore, conference with delegation from California, 205;
on restriction of immigration, 229-30
Root, John, 86-87
Ross, E.A., _The Old World in the New_, cited, 163 (note)
Rumania, Mennonites in, 89
Rush, Benjamin, _Manners of the German Inhabitants of Pennsylvania_, 127-29
Russia, Mennonites in, 89
Russians, as North Slavs, 164;
in United States, 169-70
Ruthenians (Ukranians), as North Slavs, 164;
in United States, 169
St. Lawrence River, French on, 18
St. Louis, Cabet in, 100;
Irish in, 113;
Germans in, 135;
Hungarian Jews in, 178;
Italians in, 180
St. Patrick's Day, observed in Boston (1737), 108;
in New York City (1762), 108;
(1776), 108;
(1784), 109
San Antonio, Italians in, 211
San Francisco, anti-Chinese attitude, 193, 194, 200;
Japanese excluded from public schools, 205
Savannah, Germans in, 127
Say, Thomas, "Father of American Zooelogy," 95
Scandinavians in United States, 85, 153-59, 185
Schleswig-Holstein, Danes emigrate from, 156
Schluter, _see_ Sluyter
Schmitz, Mayor of San Francisco, 205
Schurz, Carl, 139
Scioto Land Company (Companie du Scioto), 151-52
Scotch, in America, 6, 12-13;
in Manhattan, 17;
immigrants, 110, 150;
on the land, 151;
in coal mines of Pennsylvania, 218
Scotch-Irish, in America, 6, 10, 11;
in Pennsylvania, 11-12, 12 (note);
names, 30-31
Seattle, Bulgarians in, 170;
anti-Chinese feeling, 200
Seneca Indians Reservation, Inspirationists purchase (1841), 81
Serbians, as South Slavs, 164;
in United States, 171, 217
Seward, W.H., Secretary of State, treaty with China (1868), 195-96
_Shaker Compendium_ quoted, 91
Shakers, 91-92
Shaw, Albert, _Icaria, A Chapter in the History of Communism_, quoted, 100
Siberia, Russian immigrants to, 170 (note)
Sicilians, 182;
_see also_ Italians
Silkville (Kan.), French communistic colony in, 102
Six Companies, Chinese organization, 192, 193
Slavery, as recognized institution, 9, 50;
Channing on, 46-47;
protests against, 51;
influence of cotton demand on, 52-53;
fugitive slaves, 54-55;
condition when emancipated, 56-57;
Germans against, 139;
_see also_ Negroes, Slave trade
Slave trade, beginning of, 47;
capture and transportation of slaves, 47-50;
law prohibiting, 55;
effect of cotton demand on, 55-56
Slavonians on Pacific slope, 213
Slavs, use of term, 164;
on poor land, 210;
colonies, 212-213;
in New England mills, 214, 215;
in Pennsylvania, 216, 217, 218;
_see also_ Bohemians, Bulgarians, Croatians, Dalmatians,
Montenegrins, Poles, Russians, Ruthenians, Serbians, Slovaks,
Slovenians
Slovaks, as North Slavs, 164;
in United States, 168-69, 216, 217;
_see also_ Slavs
Slovenians, as South Slavs, 164;
"Griners," 172;
_see also_ Slavs
Sluyter, Peter (or Schluter), (Vorstmann), leader of Labadists, 68
Snow Hill (Penn.), community, 72
Society of United Irishmen, 109
South, plantations lure English, 7;
Scotch-Irish in, 12;
cotton production, 52-53;
Reconstruction, 57-59;
opposes liberal land laws, 148;
immigrants in cut-over timber regions, 208;
opportunities for immigrants in, 210
South Carolina, French in, 15;
slave laws, 50;
insurrection (1822), 53;
Germans in, 127
South Dakota, Old Elmspring Community, 89
Spain, England's victory over, 2;
France cedes New Orleans to, 18
Spanish-Americans in California, 190
Standard Oil Company builds Whiting (Ind.), 217
Steiner, E.A., _On the Trail of the Immigrant_, quoted, 166, 178-79
Stephens, James, 119
Sullivan, General John, order of March 17, 1776, 108
Sunnyside (Ark.), Italians establish (1895), 211
Supreme Court, Chief Justices from American stock, 42;
upholds communal contract, 73;
upholds exclusion, 200;
on state regulation of immigration, 225
Swedes, in America, 85, 154, 155-56;
"Frenchmen of the North," 154;
_see also_ Scandinavians
Switzerland, Inspirationists from, 80;
immigration from, 104;
number of immigrants, 153
Syrians, as laborers, 122;
in United States, 184;
in Johnstown (Penn.), 216
Tacoma, anti-Chinese feeling, 200
Taft, W.H. vetoes literacy test provision (1913), 231
Tammany Hall, 116
Tennessee, not represented in First Census, 25;
admitted as State (1796), 33;
pioneers leave, 36
Texas, added to United States, 33;
Icarians in, 99;
Fourieristic community in, 101-02;
Mainzer Adelsverein in, 136;
Bohemians in, 159;
Poles in, 160, 167;
Italian colonies, 211;
Slavs in, 213
Thompson, Holland, _The New South_, cited, 60 (note)
Tillinghast, _The Negro in Africa_, quoted, 49
Tokyo, anti-American feeling, 207
Tone, Wolfe, portrait on Fenian bonds by, 119
Transportation, development of, 149
_Tribune_, New York, Brisbane and, 97
Troost, Gerard, 95
Turks in United States, 184
_Turnvereine_, 131, 137
Tuskegee Institute, 63
Ukranians, _see_ Ruthenians
Ulster, Scotch in, 10
Ulstermen, _see_ Scotch-Irish
"Underground Railway," 54
United States, now called America, 22;
population at close of Revolution, 23;
American stock, 23;
census (1790), 24;
names changed or disappeared, 24-25 (note);
population (1820), 32;
Irish population, 105;
expansion, 147-48;
nation of immigrants, 233;
_see also_ America
United States Steel Corporation builds Gary (Ind.), 216-17
Unonius, Gustavus, 155
Utopias in America, 66 _et seq._;
bibliography, 238-39
Vermont, slaves emancipated, 51
Vespucci, Amerigo, claim of discovery recognized, 21
Vineland (N.J.), Italian colony at, 212
Virginia, English occupation (1607), 1;
English in, 5;
protests receiving criminals, 9;
Scotch-Irish in, 11, 12;
French in, 15;
slavery, 47, 50;
insurrection (1831), 53-54;
Irish in, 105;
Germans in, 127;
racial changes in coal regions of, 219
Vorstmann, _see_ Sluyter
Waldenses in Manhattan, 17
Waldseemueller, Martin, and name America, 21
Ward's Island, hospitals for immigrants on, 224
Ware, Poles in, 214
Washington, Booker T., 63
Washington, George, on name America, 21;
on spread of native population, 34;
order of March 17, 1776, 108
Washington (State), Scandinavians in, 156;
Japanese in, 203, 204
Washington (D.C.) Owen lectures at, 94;
anti-Japanese demonstration at, 207
Welsh, in United States, 6, 150, 151, 216, 217, 218
West, Far, Germans in, 142;
draws homeseekers, 147;
and land laws, 148;
_see also_ names of States
West Indies, French in, 18;
negro slavery, 47;
Irish transported to, 105;
Irish come through, 109
West, Middle, racial changes in, 216;
_see also_ names of States
West Virginia, Croatians in, 172;
racial changes in, 216, 219
Westfield, Poles in, 214
Whiting (Ind.), foreigners in, 217
Whitney, Eli, cotton gin, 52
Wilcox, W.F., quoted, 62-63
Wilmington, Germans in, 127
Wilson, Woodrow, and anti-Japanese feeling, 206;
on literacy test, 231
Windber (Penn.), racial changes in, 219
Winthrop, John, on immigration of Scotch-Irish, 11
Wisconsin, frontiersmen in, 36;
"Underground Railway" in, 54;
Fourieristic colony in, 97;
Germans in, 134, 137;
Swiss in, 153;
Scandinavians in, 156;
Poles in, 160, 167;
farms available in, 209;
Slavs in, 212
Worcester, Poles in, 214
Workingmen's party, 193
Wright, Fanny, 95
Wyoming, and Chinese indemnity claim, 201
Yazoo Delta, Italians in, 211
Yellow Springs (O.), communistic attempt, 96
Young, Brigham, 87
"Young Ireland" party, 120
Zimmermann, J.J., founder of Pietists, 69
Zinzendorf, Count, 72
Zoar, colony at, 78-80;
Amana gains members from, 83
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