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The Life and Work of Susan B. Anthony (Volume 1 of 2) by Ida Husted Harper

I >> Ida Husted Harper >> The Life and Work of Susan B. Anthony (Volume 1 of 2)





CHAPTER XXII.

MRS. HOOKER'S CONVENTION--THE LECTURE FIELD. (1871.), 371-385

Mrs. Hooker undertakes Washington Convention; amusing letters from
Anthony, Stanton, Hooker, Wright; first appearance of Mrs. Woodhull;
accounts by Philadelphia Press, Washington Daily Patriot and National
Republican; resolution by Miss Anthony claiming right to vote under
Fourteenth Amendment; Declaration signed by 80,000 women; Catharine
Beecher and Mrs. Woodhull; Mrs. Stanton rebukes men who object to Mrs.
Woodhull; hard life of a lecturer; Mrs. Griffing, Mrs. Stanton, Mrs.
Hooker on political party attitude; Phoebe Couzins pleads for the
National Association; Mrs. Woodhull at New York May Anniversary; charge
of "free love" refuted; forcible letter from Miss Anthony declaring for
one Moral Standard.


CHAPTER XXIII.

FIRST TRIP TO THE PACIFIC COAST. (1871.), 387-408

Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton cross the continent; newspaper comment;
Miss Anthony's letters from Salt Lake City; hostile treatment by San
Francisco press; description of trip to Yosemite; journey by boat to
Oregon; her letters on lecture experiences in Oregon and Washington;
ridicule of Portland Bulletin; misrepresentation of Territorial
Despatch; "cards" in papers of British Columbia; account of stage ride
back to San Francisco; banquet at Grand Hotel; journey eastward with
Sargent family; snowbound among the Rockies.


CHAPTER XXIV.

REPUBLICAN SPLINTER--MISS ANTHONY VOTES. (1872.), 409-429

National Convention declares women enfranchised under Fourteenth and
Fifteenth Amendments; Miss Anthony sustains this position before Senate
Judiciary Committee; friends in Rochester present testimonial; she
reads in Woodhull and Claflin's Weekly call to form New Party under
auspices of National Suffrage Association; her indignant remonstrance;
hastens to New York and prevents coalition; Liberal Republican
Convention at Cincinnati refuses to adopt Suffrage resolution; Miss
Anthony's comment; Republican Convention at Philadelphia makes first
mention of Woman; Mr. Blackwell's and Miss Anthony's letters regarding
this; Democratic Convention at Baltimore ignores Woman; Hon. John
Cochran tells how not to do it; Miss Anthony and Mrs. Gage urge women
to support Republican ticket; Miss Anthony states her Political
Position; her delight and Mrs. Stanton's doubts; letter from Henry
Wilson; Republican Committee summons her to Washington; she arranges
series of Republican rallies; sustains party only on Suffrage plank;
Miss Anthony Votes; newspaper comment; she is arrested; examination
before U.S. Commissioner; Judge Henry R. Selden and Hon. John Van
Voorhis undertake her case; Rochester Express defends her; letter on
case from Benjamin F. Butler.


CHAPTER XXV.

TRIAL FOR VOTING UNDER FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT. (1873.), 431-448

Miss Anthony's speech at Washington Convention; she appears before U.S.
District-Judge at Albany and bail is increased to $1,000; addresses
State Constitutional Commission; indicted by grand jury; becomes
unconscious on lecture platform at Ft. Wayne; votes again; call for
Twenty-fifth Suffrage Anniversary; Miss Anthony delivers her great
Constitutional Argument in twenty-nine post office districts in Monroe
Co.; District-Attorney moves her trial to another county; she speaks at
twenty-one places and Mrs. Gage at sixteen in that county; Rochester
Union and Advertiser condemns her; trial opens at Canandaigua; masterly
argument of Judge Selden; Justice Ward Hunt delivers Written Opinion
without leaving bench; declines to submit case to Jury or to allow it
to be polled; refuses new trial; spirited encounter between Miss
Anthony and Judge; newspaper comment; trial of Inspectors; Judge
refuses to allow Counsel to address Jury; opinion of Mr. Van Voorhis;
contributions sent to Miss Anthony by friends; death of sister Guelma
McLean; Miss Anthony's letter of grief to mother; generous gift of
Anson Lapham.


CHAPTER XXVI.

NO CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO JURY OR FRANCHISE. (1874.), 449-465

Appeal to Congress to remit fine and declare Right to Trial by Jury;
report from House Committee for and against, by Butler and Tremaine;
from Senate Committee for and against, by Carpenter and Edmunds; pardon
of Inspectors by President Grant; Supreme Court decision in suit of
Virginia L. Minor against Inspectors for refusing her vote;
Representative Butler and Senator Lapham on Woman Suffrage; President
Grant's opinion; letter of Judge A.G. Riddle on chief obstacles; death
of Sumner; Miss Anthony's speech and letter on Women's Temperance
Crusade; lying telegram and N.Y. Herald's truthful report of
convention; letter by Miss Anthony, "honesty best policy;" suffrage
campaign in Michigan; Beecher-Tilton case.


CHAPTER XXVII.

REVOLUTION DEBT PAID--WOMEN'S FOURTH OF JULY. (1875-1876.), 467-482

Miss Anthony's annual struggle to hold Washington Convention; speech in
Chicago on Social Purity; comment of St. Louis Democrat and other
papers; hard lecture tour in Iowa; shooting of brother Daniel R.;
Revolution debt paid; commendation of press; Centennial Resolutions at
Washington Convention; establishing Centennial headquarters at
Philadelphia; Republicans again recognize Woman in National platform;
Miss Anthony and others present Woman's Declaration of Independence at
Centennial celebration; eloquent description; History of Woman Suffrage
begun; writes articles for Johnson's Encyclopedia.


CHAPTER XXVIII.

COLORADO CAMPAIGN--POLITICAL ATTITUDE. (1877-1878.), 483-498

Advocates of Woman Suffrage compelled to return to former policy of
demanding Sixteenth Amendment to Federal Constitution; letters from
Garrison and Phillips on this subject; descriptions by Mary Clemmer and
Washington papers of presenting Suffrage petitions in Congress; Lyceum
Bureau circular with comment of Forney; death of sister Hannah Mosher;
friendship of Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton; tribute of Annie McDowell;
campaigning in Colorado; speaking in saloons; writing "Homes of Single
Women" in Denver; prayer-meeting in Capitol at Washington; Miss Anthony
urged not to miss another National Convention; Thirtieth Suffrage
Anniversary at Rochester; letter from J.H. Hayford relative to Woman
Suffrage in Wyoming; Miss Anthony defines her attitude in regard to
Political Parties.


CHAPTER XXIX.

CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE REPORTS--COMMENT. (1879-1880.), 499-513

Vigorous resolutions at National Convention; Senator Morton's position
on Woman Suffrage; Senator Wadleigh scored by Mary Clemmer; first
favorable Senate Committee report; advance in public sentiment;
extracts from Indiana papers; bitter attacks of Richmond (Ky.) Herald
and Grand Rapids (Mich.) Times; interview in Chicago Tribune on Woman's
need of ballot for Temperance legislation; convention in St. Louis and
Miss Anthony's response to floral offering; death of Wm. Lloyd
Garrison; desire for a woman's paper; new workers; Washington
Convention; hospitality of Riggs House; death of mother.





LIST OF AUTOGRAPHS.


ANTHONY, SUSAN B.
ANTHONY, HUMPHREY
ANTHONY, DANIEL
ANTHONY, LUCY READ
ANTHONY, COLONEL D.R.
ANTHONY, MARY S.
ANTHONY, SENATOR HENRY B.
A. BRONSON ALCOTT
AVERY, RACHEL FOSTER
BARTON, CLARA
BEECHER, HENRY WARD
BIGGS, CAROLINE ASHURST
BLACKWELL, ALICE STONE
BLACKWELL, REV. ANTOINETTE BROWN
BLACKWELL, DR. ELIZABETH
BLAIR, SENATOR HENRY W.
BLAKE, LILLIE DEVEREUX
BLOOMER, AMELIA
BOOTH, MARY L.
BRIGHT, URSULA M.
BROWN, SENATOR B. GRATZ
BROWNE, THOMAS M., M.C.
BUTLER, GENERAL BENJAMIN F.
BUTLER, JOSEPHINE E.
CAREY, SENATOR JOSEPH M.
CARY, ALICE
CARY, PHOEBE
CATT, CARRIE CHAPMAN
CHANNING, REV. WILLIAM HENRY
CHAPIN, REV. E.H.
CHAPMAN, MARIA WESTON
CHEEVER, REV. GEORGE B.
CHILD, LYDIA MARIA
CLAY, LAURA
CLEMMER, MARY
COBBE, FRANCES POWER
COBDEN, JANE
COLBY, CLARA BEWICK
COOPER, SARAH B.
CURTIS, GEORGE WILLIAM
DAVIS, PAULINA WRIGHT
DICKINSON, ANNA E.
DIGGS, ANNIE L.
DOLPH, SENATOR J.N.
DOUGLASS, FREDERICK
DOW, NEAL
EMERSON, RALPH WALDO
FAWCETT, MILLICENT GARRETT
FIELD, KATE
FORNEY, COLONEL JOHN W.
FOSTER, ABBY KELLY
FOSTER, STEPHEN S.
FOULKE, HON. WM. DUDLEY
FROTHINGHAM, REV. O.B.
GAGE, MATILDA JOSLYN
GARFIELD, PRESIDENT JAMES A.
GARRISON, WM. LLOYD
GIBBONS, ABBY HOPPER
GOODRICH, SARAH KNOX
GRANT, MRS. U.S.
GREELEY, HORACE
GREENWOOD, GRACE
HAMILTON, GAIL
HARPER, IDA HUSTED
HEARST, PHOEBE A.
HOAR, SENATOR GEORGE F.
HOOKER, ISABELLA BEECHER
HOSMER, HARRIET
HOWELL, MARY SEYMOUR
JACOBI, DR. MARY PUTNAM
JACKSON, FRANCIS
JULIAN, GEORGE W., M.C.
KELLEY, WILLIAM D., M.C.
KING, REV. THOMAS STARR
LAPHAM, SENATOR ELBRIDGE G.
LOGAN, MRS. JOHN A.
LOZIER, DR. CLEMENCE S.
LUCAS, MARGARET BRIGHT
MARTINEAU, HARRIET
McCULLOCH, SECRETARY HUGH
McLAREN, PRISCILLA BRIGHT
MERRICK, CAROLINE E.
MINOR, VIRGINIA L.
MITCHELL, MARIA
MORTON, SENATOR OLIVER P.
MOTT, LUCRETIA
NICHOL, ELIZABETH PEASE,
OWEN, ROBERT DALE,
PALMER, BERTHA HONORE,
PALMER, SENATOR THOMAS W.,
PARKER, REV. THEODORE,
PHILLIPS, WENDELL,
PILLSBURY, PARKER,
POMEROY, SENATOR S.C.,
POST, AMY,
PURVIS, HARRIET,
PURVIS, ROBERT,
REED, SPEAKER THOMAS B.,
RIDDLE, JUDGE A.G.,
ROSE, ERNESTINE L.,
SARGENT, SENATOR A.A.,
SARGENT, ELLEN CLARK,
SEWALL, MAY WRIGHT,
SHAW, REV. ANNA HOWARD,
SIMPSON, BISHOP MATTHEW,
SMITH, GERRIT,
SOMERSET, LADY HENRY,
SPOFFORD, JANE H,
STANFORD, JANE L.,
STANFORD, SENATOR LELAND,
STANTON, ELIZABETH CADY,
STEVENS, THADDEUS,
STONE, LUCINDA HINSDALE,
STONE, LUCY,
SUMNER, CHARLES,
SWIFT, MARY WOOD,
TAYLOR, EZRA B., M.C.,
TAYLOR, HELEN,
TAYLOR, MENTIA (MRS. PETER),
THOMPSON, GEORGE, M.P.,
TILTON, THEODORE,
TODD, ISABELLA M.S.,
TRAIN, GEORGE FRANCIS,
TYNG, REV. STEPHEN H.,
UPTON, HARRIET TAYLOR,
WADE, SENATOR BENJAMIN F.,
WALLACE, ZERELDA G.,
WARREN, SENATOR FRANCIS E.,
WHITE, SENATOR JOHN D.,
WHITING, LILIAN,
WHITTIER, JOHN GREENLEAF,
WILLARD, FRANCES E.,
WILSON, VICE-PRESIDENT HENRY,




LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

VOL. I.


SUSAN B. ANTHONY, at the age of 76

"THE OLD HIVE," birthplace of father
of SUSAN B. ANTHONY

HOME OF LUCY READ, mother of SUSAN B. ANTHONY

WEST END OF KITCHEN IN OLD HOMESTEAD

BIRTHPLACE OF SUSAN B. ANTHONY

TEMPORARY HOME AT BATTENVILLE, N.Y.

THE BATTENVILLE HOME

HOME AT CENTER FALLS, N. Y.

SUSAN B. ANTHONY at the age of 28

AUNT HANNAH, the Quaker preacher

SUSAN B. ANTHONY at the age of 32

HUMPHREY ANTHONY at the age of 95

SUSAN B. ANTHONY at the age of 36

THE FARM-HOME NEAR ROCHESTER

ERNESTINE L. ROSE

FATHER AND MOTHER OF SUSAN B. ANTHONY

LUCRETIA MOTT

ELIZABETH CADY STANTON

SUSAN B. ANTHONY at the age of 48

SUSAN B. ANTHONY at the age of 50,
from photograph by Sarony

ISABELLA BEECHER HOOKER

DR. CLEMENCE S. LOZIER

VIRGINIA L. MINOR

JANE H. SPOFFORD




CHAPTER I.

ANCESTRY, HOME AND CHILDHOOD.

1550-1826.


Among the Berkshire Hills of Massachusetts is a very beautiful place in
which to be born. It is famed in song and story for the loveliness of
its scenery and the purity of its air. It has no lofty peaks, no great
canyons, no mighty rivers, but it is diversified in the most
picturesque manner by the long line of Green Mountains, whose lower
ranges bear the musical name of "Berkshire Hills;" by rushing streams
tumbling through rocky gorges and making up in impetuosity what they
lack in size; by noble forests, gently undulating meadows, quaint
farmhouses, old bridges and bits of roadway which are a never-ending
delight to the artist. Writers, too, have found inspiration here and
many exquisite descriptions in prose and verse commemorate the beauties
of this region.

Catharine Maria Sedgwick, the first woman in America to make a literary
reputation on two continents, was born at Stockbridge, and her stories
and sketches were located here. That old seat of learning, Williams
College, is situated among these foothills. In his summer home at
Pittsfield, Longfellow wrote "The Old Clock on the Stairs"; at
Stockbridge, Hawthorne builded his "House of the Seven Gables"; and
Lydia Sigourney poetically told of "Stockbridge Bowl" with "Its foot of
stone and rim of green." It was at Lenox that Henry Ward Beecher
created "Norwood" and "Star Papers." Here Charlotte Cushman and Fanny
Kemble came for many summers to rest and find new life. Harriet Hosmer
had her first dreams of fame at the Sedgwick school. The Goodale
sisters, Elaine and Dora, were born upon one of these mountainsides and
both embalmed its memory in their poems. Dora lovingly sings:

Dear Berkshire, dear birthplace, the hills are thy towers,
Those lofty fringed summits of granite and pine;
No valley's green lap is so spangled with flowers,
No stream of the wildwood so crystal as thine.
Say where do the March winds such treasures uncover,
Such maple and arrowwood burn in the fall,
As up the blue peaks where the thunder-gods hover
In cloud-curtained Berkshire who cradled us all?

Henry Ward Beecher said:

This county of valleys, lakes and mountains is yet to be as
celebrated as the lake district of England and the hill country of
Palestine.... Here is such a valley as the ocean would be if, when
its waves were running tumultuous and high, it were suddenly
transformed and solidified.... The endless variety never ceases to
astonish and please.... It is indeed like some choice companion, of
rich heart and genial imagination, never twice alike in mood, in
conversation, in radiant sobriety or half-bright sadness; bold,
tender, deep, various.

One has but to come into the midst of these hills to fall a victim to
their fascination, while to those who were born among them there is no
spot on earth so beautiful or so beloved. They have sent forth
generations of men and women, whose fame is as imperishable as the
marble and granite which form their everlasting foundations. Among the
noted men who have gone out from the Berkshire region are William
Cullen Bryant, Cyrus W. Field and brothers, Jonathan Edwards, Mark and
Albert Hopkins, Senator Henry L. Dawes, Governor Edwin D. Morgan, of
New York, George F. Root, the musical composer, Governor George N.
Briggs, of Massachusetts, Governor and Senator Francis E. Warren, of
Wyoming, the Deweys, the Barnards, a list too long for quoting. Oliver
Wendell Holmes, whose grandfather was a Berkshire man, wrote:

Berkshire has produced a race which, for independent thought,
daring schemes and achievements that have had world-wide
consequences, has not been surpassed. We claim, also, that more of
those first things that draw the chariot of progress forward so
that people can see that it has moved, have been planned and
executed by the inhabitants of the 950 square miles that constitute
the territory of Berkshire than can be credited to any other tract
of equal extent in the United States.

Of late years the world of wealth and fashion has invaded the Berkshire
country and there are no more magnificent summer homes than those of
Lenox, Stockbridge, Great Barrington and the neighboring towns.

The first of the Anthony family of whom there is any record was
William, born in Cologne, Germany, who came to England during the reign
of Edward the Sixth and was made Chief Graver of the Royal Mint and
Master of the Scales, holding this office through the reigns of Edward
and Mary and part of that of Elizabeth. His crest and coat of arms are
entered in the royal enumeration. His son Derrick was the father of Dr.
Francis Anthony, born in London, 1550. According to the Biographia
Britannica, he was graduated at Cambridge with the degree of Master of
Arts and became a learned physician and chemist. Although a man of high
character and generous impulses, he was intolerant of restraint and in
continual conflict with the College of Physicians. He died in his
seventy-fourth year, and was buried in the church of St. Bartholomew
the Great, where his handsome monument still remains. He left a
daughter and two sons, both of the latter distinguished physicians.
From John, the elder, sprung the American branch of the family. His
son, John, Jr., born in Hempstead, England, sailed to America in the
ship Hercules, from that port, April 16, 1634, when he was twenty-seven
years old. He settled in Portsmouth, R.I., and became a land-owner, an
innkeeper and an office-holder. His five children who survived infancy
left forty-three children. One of these forty-three, Abraham, had
thirteen children, and his son William fourteen, his son, William, Jr.,
four, his son David nine.

It was just before the beginning of the Revolution that this David
Anthony, with his wife, Judith Hicks, moved from Dartmouth, Mass., to
Berkshire and settled near Adams at the foot of Greylock, the highest
peak in the mountain range. This was considered the extreme West, as
little was known of all that lay beyond. They brought two children with
them and seven more were born here in the shadow of the mountains.
Humphrey, the second son, born at Dartmouth, February 2, 1770, married
Hannah Lapham, who was born near Adams (then called East Hoosac),
November 11, 1773; and here, also, January 27, 1794, was born the first
of their nine children, Daniel, father of Susan B. Anthony.

On the maternal side the grandfather, Daniel Read, was born at
Rehobeth, Mass., and said to be a lineal descendant and entitled to the
coat of arms of Sir Brianus de Rede, A.D. 1075; but he had too much of
the sturdy New England spirit to feel any special interest in the pomp
and pride of heraldry, and the family tree he prized most was found in
the grand old grove which shaded his own dooryard. Susannah Richardson,
his wife, was born at Scituate, Mass., and her family were among the
most wealthy and respected of that locality during the eighteenth
century. Both Reads and Richardsons removed to Cheshire, Mass., before
1770, and Daniel and Susannah were married there. It was but a few
months after this marriage when the first gun was fired at Lexington
and the whole country was ablaze with excitement. At the close of the
sermon, on a bright spring morning, the old minister, his voice
trembling with patriotic fervor, asked every man who was ready to
enlist in the Continental army to stand forth, and Daniel Read was the
first to step out into the aisle of the little meeting-house. Leaving
the girl-bride he entered the service and soon became conspicuous for
his bravery. He was one of the memorable expedition against Quebec
under Arnold, in 1775, and of the party commanded by Ethan Allen at the
capture of Ticonderoga. He was among that brave band from Cheshire
(Stafford's Hill) who fought under Colonel Stafford at Bennington. On
the 19th of October, 1780, he took part in the fatal fight of Stone
Arabia, under Col. John Brown, and served with honor throughout the
war. It was several years after peace had been declared and he had
returned home and settled down to the quiet life of a New England
farmer that, December 2, 1793, was born Lucy, the mother of Susan B.
Anthony.

[Illustration: THE "OLD HIVE," ADAMS, MASS.

BIRTHPLACE OF DANIEL, FATHER OF SUSAN B. ANTHONY.]

Daniel Read was a member of the Massachusetts Legislature in 1814 and
was elected to various public offices. He was a Whig in politics and
adhered always to staunch republican principles, but rose above
partisanship and was universally respected. Daniel and Susannah were
thrifty New England Puritans, leading members of the Baptist
denomination and parishioners of the widely known Elder Leland. The
cooking for Sunday always was done on Saturday, and the greater part of
every Sunday, regardless of weather, was spent at church. They and
their children sat through a service of two hours in the morning, ate a
generous lunch at the noon intermission, and were ready for another two
hours' sermon in the afternoon, through all the heat of summer and the
terrible cold of New England winter.

Susannah Read remained always a devout and consistent Baptist, but
Daniel became, in later years, a thorough Universalist. Murray, the
founder of this church in England, had come to the Colonies before the
Revolutionary War, and by the close of the century the Universalists
were organized as a sect, holding general conventions and sending
itinerants among the people in the villages and country. Some of these
doubtless had penetrated to Adams and converted Daniel Read, who was
always liberal in his belief. He was an inveterate reader and pored
over a vast amount of theological discussion which attracted so much
attention in his day. The family moved from Cheshire to a suburb of
Adams called Bowen's Corners. Near their house was the tavern, its
proprietor known to all the people roundabout as "Uncle Sam" Bowen. He
and Daniel Read never wearied in setting forth the merits of "free
salvation." They were the only two persons in all that section of the
country who did not believe in a literal hell. It was the common
sentiment then that only those disbelieved in endless punishment who
had reason to be afraid of it, and, since both these men were exemplary
in every other respect, it was impossible for their friends to
understand their aberration. Susannah Read, in the language of that
time, "wore the skin off her knees," praying night and day that God
would bring her husband back into the fold, but her prayers never were
answered. Every Sunday regularly he accompanied her to church, and
faithfully contributed to the support of the preacher, but he died, at
the ripe old age of eighty-four, firm in his Universalist faith.

Susannah was the care-taker of the family and looked after the farm,
inheriting the Richardson energy and thrift. Daniel was genial,
good-natured and very intelligent, but his health being impaired from
army service, he was willing she should take the lead in business
matters. The farm was one of only a hundred acres, but was carefully
and economically managed and, at their death, the Reads left about
$10,000, which was then considered a snug little fortune. Lucy, one of
seven children, was born into a home of peace and comfort and had a
happy and uneventful childhood. She attended the district school, was a
fair writer and speller and, like her father very fond of reading. She
learned to cook and sew, make butter and cheese, spin and weave, and
was very domestic in all her tastes. The Reads and Anthonys were near
neighbors, and although differing widely in religious belief, a subject
of much prominence in those days, they were on terms of intimate
friendship even before the ties were made still closer by marriage
between the two families.

Both Anthonys and Laphams were Quakers as far back as the sect was in
existence. Both were families of wealth and influence, and when
Humphrey and Hannah were married she received from her parents a house
and thirty acres of land, which were entailed on her children. Silver
spoons are still in the family, which were part of her dowry more than
a century ago. Hannah Lapham Anthony was a most saintly woman and,
because of her beautiful religious character was made an elder and
given an exalted position on the "high seat."[1]

[Illustration: HOME OF LUCY READ, ADAMS, MASS.]

She was a very handsome brunette and was noted for the beauty and
elegance of her Quaker attire, her bonnets always being made in New
York. Humphrey never attained the "high seat;" he was too worldly. His
ambition was constantly to add more to his broad acres, to take a
bigger drove of cattle to Boston than any of his neighbors, and to get
a higher price for his own than any other Berkshire cheese would bring.
He had a number of farms and a hundred cows, while his wife made the
best cheese and was the finest housekeeper in all that part of the
country. The fame of her coffee and biscuits, apple dumplings and
chicken dinners, spread far and wide. Their kitchen was forty feet
long. One end was used for the dining-room, with the table seating
twenty persons, and in the other were the sink and the "penstock,"
which brought water from a clear, cold spring high up in the mountains.
Here also were the huge fire-place, the big brick oven and the large
pantry. Then there were the spacious "keeping" or sitting-room, with
the mother's bedroom opening out of it, the great weaving-room with its
wheels and loom, and two bed-rooms for the "help" down stairs, while
above were the children's sleeping-rooms. Opening out of the kitchen
was a room containing the cheese press and the big "arch" kettle, and
near by was a two-story building where the cheese was stored. Up in the
grove was the saw-mill, and at the foot of the hill was the blacksmith
shop, where nails were made, horses shod, wagons and farm implements
mended and, later, scythes manufactured. On all the farms were fine
orchards of apples, plums, pears, cherries and quinces, among which
stood long rows of beehives with their wealth of honey.

Here Daniel, father of Susan B. Anthony, grew to manhood in the midst
of comfort and abundance and in an atmosphere of harmony and love. The
Anthonys were broad and liberal in religious ideas, and in 1826, when
bitter dissensions regarding the divinity of Christ arose among the
Quakers, they followed Elias Hicks and were henceforth known as
"Hicksite Friends." This controversy divided many families, and on
account of it the orthodox brother, Elihu Anthony, insisted on removing
their aged father to his home in Saratoga, N.Y., to the great grief of
Humphrey, who claimed that the old gentleman was too childish to know
whether he was orthodox or Hicksite and ought not to be taken to "a new
country" in his declining years Hannah Anthony was ambitious for her
children and insisted that they should be placed where they might have
better educational facilities than in the little school at home.
Humphrey thought the boys could manage a farm and the girls weave good
cloth and make fine cheese without a boarding-school education. He
finally yielded, however, and Daniel and two daughters were sent to the
"Nine Partners," that famous Quaker boarding-school in Dutchess county,
N.Y. At the end of a year, Daniel, who was about nineteen, had made
such rapid progress that he was appointed teacher. The quaint
certificate given him by his associate teachers is still in existence
and reads:

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